Treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade sob hipóxia para pessoas com diabetes tipo 2: protocolo de estudo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.31e0458Palavras-chave:
Treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade, Hipóxia, Diabetes mellitus tipo 2, Hemoglobina glicada, Aptidão físicaResumo
Introdução: O treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) pode melhorar a sensibilidade à insulina, o controle glicêmico e a composição corporal em indivíduos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). A hipóxia intermitente (redução da disponibilidade de oxigênio), quando combinada ao HIIT, parece melhorar o controle glicêmico através de vias moleculares convergentes independentes da insulina. Objetivo: Avaliar se oito semanas de hipóxia intermitente e HIIT, isolados ou combinados, melhoram a homeostase glicêmica e desfechos relacionados à saúde em indivíduos com DM2. Métodos: Este ensaio clínico randomizado, controlado e simples-cego recrutará 64 indivíduos (18–65 anos) com DM2, randomizados em 4 grupos: 1) HIIT com hipóxia durante a recuperação dos esforços (fração inspirada de oxigênio, FiO₂ = 0,135); 2) HIIT em normóxia (FiO₂ = 0,209); 3) hipóxia intermitente passiva (FiO₂ = 0,135); ou 4) controle. As intervenções terão duração de 8 semanas (3 sessões semanais). O HIIT será realizado em cicloergômetro, em intensidades correspondentes à frequência cardíaca do ponto de compensação respiratória e à potência pico. O desfecho primário inclui a hemoglobina glicada, as medidas secundárias incluem homeostase glicêmica, aptidão cardiorrespiratória, saúde cardiovascular, composição corporal e desfechos hematológicos, metabólicos e comportamentais. A análise estatística será conduzida por meio de modelos lineares generalizados mistos (α = 0,05). Discussão: Este estudo investiga uma abordagem não farmacológica inovadora para o manejo do DM2, aplicando hipóxia exclusivamente durante os períodos de recuperação do HIIT. Essa estratégia busca induzir adaptações fisiológicas comparáveis às da hipóxia intermitente convencional, preservando a qualidade do treinamento e oferecendo uma intervenção mais prática e ecologicamente válida.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Matheus Simionato Firmino, Tiago Rezende Figueira, Matheus Silva Norberto, Francisco José Albuquerque de Paula, Olivier Girard, Marcelo Papoti
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