Biological and urban environmental variables as correlates of adolescents' physical activity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.25e0134Keywords:
Environment, Public space, Public health, Motor activity, YoungAbstract
The aim of this study was to examine the biological and urban environment variables that associate with physical activity (PA) in adolescents. After this, to examine the interrelationship between biological, urban environment variables and PA in structural equation analysis. This was a cross-sectional study with an adolescents’ randomized sample. Measures included PA (steps per day by pedometers); self-report questionnaire; geographical location; ‘geocoding’ process; and direct observation and cardiorespiratory fitness (by 6-min run test). Linear and binary logistic regression models were tested. In addition, moderation and mediation analysis were tested. The sample consisted of 236 adolescents (61.9% girls) aged 14 to 18 years. The commuting to school was associated with residence distance to school (OR = 6.41; CI95%: 1.01-40.80) and walkability (OR = 1.40; CI95%: 1.02-1.94). The gender moderates the relationship between walkability and commuting to school, association only in girls (OR = 1.72; p < 0.05). The relationship between the use of public spaces and PA was reduced (Δβ = -1320.6 steps/day; p < 0.05) in the presence of cardiorespiratory fitness (mediation effect). In conclusion, adolescents’ PA is associated with the use of public spaces, but this relation is mediated by cardiorespiratory fitness. In addition, PA is associated with commuting to school. This commuting is associated with residence distance to school and walkability just in girls.
Downloads
References
Corder K, Winpenny E, Love R, Brown HE, White M, Van Sluijs E. Change in physical activity from adolescence to early adulthood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies. Br J Sports Med. 2019;53(8):496–503.
Myers J, McAuley P, Lavie CJ, Despres JP, Arena R, Kokkinos P. Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness as Major Markers of Cardiovascular Risk: Their Independent and Interwoven Importance to Health Status. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2015;57(4):306–14.
Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1·6 million participants. Lancet Child Adolesc Heal. 2020;4(1):23–35.
Sterdt E, Liersch S, Walter U. Correlates of physical activity of children and adolescents: A systematic review of reviews. Health Educ J. 2014;73(1):72–89.
Sallis JF, Cervero RB, Ascher W, Henderson KA, Kraft MK, Kerr J. An ecological approach to creating active living communities. Annu Rev Public Health. 2006;27:297–322.
Sallis JF, Prochaska JJ, Taylor WC. A review of correlates of physical activity of children and adolescents. Med Sci Sport Exerc. 2000;32(5):963–75.
Rhodes RE, Janssen I, Bredin SSD, Warburton DE, Bauman A. Physical activity: Health impact, prevalence, correlates and interventions. Psychol Health. 2017;32(8):942–75.
Tikanmäki M, Tammelin T, Vääräsmäki M, Sipola-Leppänen M, Miettola S, Pouta A, et al. Prenatal determinants of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescence – Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 study. BMC Public Health. 2017;17(1):346.
Ross A, Searle M. A Conceptual Model of Leisure Time Physical Activity, Neighborhood Environment, and Sense of Community. Environ Behav. 2019;51(6):749–81.
Sallis JF, Cerin E, Conway TL, Adams MA, Frank LD, Pratt M, et al. Physical activity in relation to urban environments in 14 cities worldwide: a cross-sectional study. Lancet. 2016;387(10034):2207–17.
Smith M, Hosking J, Woodward A, Witten K, MacMillan A, Field A, et al. Systematic literature review of built environment effects on physical activity and active transport – an update and new findings on health equity. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2017;14(1):158.
Bancroft C, Joshi S, Rundle A, Hutson M, Chong C, Weiss CC. Association of proximity and density of parks and objectively measured physical activity in the United States: A systematic review. Soc Sci Med. 2015;138:22–30.
McGrath LJ, Hopkins WG, Hinckson EA. Associations of Objectively Measured Built-Environment Attributes with Youth Moderate–Vigorous Physical Activity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sport Med. 2015;45(6):841–65.
Chillón P, Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, Veidebaum T, Oja L, Mäestu J, et al. Active commuting to school in children and adolescents: An opportunity to increase physical activity and fitness. Scand J Public Health. 2010;38(8):873–9.
D’Angelo H, Fowler SL, Nebeling LC, Oh, AY. Adolescent Physical Activity: Moderation of Individual Factors by Neighborhood Environment. Am J Prev Med. 2017;52(6):888–94.
Mello JB, Farias VM, Bergmann MLA, Bergmann GG. Number of steps per day and the screening of cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents. Mot Rev Educ Física. 2016;22(2):36–43.
Bergmann G, Bergmann M, De Castro A, Lorenzi T, Pinheiro E, Moreira R, et al. Use of the 6-minute walk/run test to predict peak oxygen uptake in adolescents. Rev Bras Ativ Fís Saúde. 2014;19(1):64-73.
Lee RE, Booth KM, Reese-Smith JY, Regan G, Howard HH. The Physical Activity Resource Assessment (PARA) instrument: Evaluating features, amenities and incivilities of physical activity resources in urban neighborhoods. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2005;2(1):1–9.
Sundquist K, Eriksson U, Kawakami N, Skog L, Ohlsson H, Arvidsson D. Neighborhood walkability, physical activity, and walking behavior: The Swedish Neighborhood and Physical Activity (SNAP) study. Soc Sci Med. 2011;72(8):1266–73.
Norman GJ, Nutter SK, Ryan S, Sallis JF, Calfas KJ, Patrick K. Community Design and Access to Recreational Facilities as Correlates of Adolescent Physical Activity and Body-Mass Index. J Phys Act Heal. 2006;3(s1):S118–S128.
Edwards N, Hooper P, Knuiman M, Foster S, Giles-Corti B. Associations between park features and adolescent park use for physical activity. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2015;12(1):21.
Reis RS, Hino AAF, Florindo AA, Añez CRR, Domingues MR. Association Between Physical Activity in Parks and Perceived Environment: A Study With Adolescents. J Phys Act Heal. 2009;6(4):503–509.
Monyeki MA, Awotidebe A, Moss SJ, Sparks M, Wushe S, Coetzee B. Relationship between physical activity, body fatness and cardiorespiratory fitness in South African adolescents: The PAHL Study. African J Phys Act Heal Sci. 2017;23(1.2):111–28.
Santos MS, Hino AAF, Reis RS, Rodriguez-Añez CR. Prevalência de barreiras para a prática de atividade física em adolescentes. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2010;13(1):94–104.
Camargo EM, Paiva HK, Pacheco HLM, Campos, W. Facilitadores para a prática de atividade física no lazer em adolescentes. Rev Bras Ativ Fis Saúde. 2017;22(6):561–67.
Bedimo-Rung AL, Mowen AJ, Cohen DA. The significance of parks to physical activity and public health. Am J Prev Med. 2005;28(2):159–68.
Chillón P, Panter J, Corder K, Van Sluijs EMF. A longitudinal study of the distance that young people walk to school. Health Place. 2015;31:133–7.
Cohen DA, Ashwood S, Scott M, Overton A, Evenson KR, Voorhees CC. Proximity to School and Physical Activity Among Middle School Girls: The Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls Study. J Phys Act Heal. 2006;3(s1):S129–S138.
Sallis JF, Conway TL, Cain KL, Carlson JA, Frank LD, Kerr J. Neighborhood built environment and socioeconomic status in relation to physical activity, sedentary behavior, and weight status of adolescents. Prev Med. 2018;110:47–54.
Esteban-Cornejo I, Carlson JA, Conway TL, Cain KL, Saelens BE, Frank LD. Parental and Adolescent Perceptions of Neighborhood Safety Related to Adolescents’ Physical Activity in Their Neighborhood. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2016;87(2):191–9.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Julio Brugnara Mello, Michael Duncan, Arieli Dias, Gabriel Bergmann, Anelise Gaya, Adroaldo Gaya
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
When submitting a manuscript to the Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde, the authors retain the copyright to the article and authorize the Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde to publish the manuscript under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License and identify it as the original publication source.
