Inequalities in healthy behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic in children from public and private schools of Buenos Aires
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.30e0384iPalavras-chave:
Healthy lifestyle, COVID-19, Children’s healthResumo
Objective: To compare physical activity (PA), screen time (ST), and sleep behaviors before and during the mandatory preventive social isolation (ASPO, for its acronym in Spanish) due to COVID-19 among children attending public and private primary schools in the Greater Buenos Aires metropolitan area. Methods: A total of 379 adult caregivers of children attending public and private primary schools completed an online survey on PA, ST, and sleep behaviors before and during ASPO. School type was used as an indicator of socioeconomic status, with private schools’ students considered more privileged than public schools’ students. Results: For both groups, ASPO resulted in a reduction in PA (-43%) and an increase in ST (79.9%). Children attending private schools had the worst results, since they started with better behaviors (PA pre vs during: 3.5 ± 1.3 vs 1.9 ± 2.0 days/week; ST pre vs during: 2.1 ± 0.6 vs 3.8 ± 1.0 days/week) compared to the children attending public schools (PA pre vs during: 3.1 ± 1.8 vs 1.8 ± 1.5 days/week; ST pre vs during: 2.4 ± 0.9 vs 3.6 ± 1.3 days/week). Sleep increased by 7.6% with a shift towards later bed and wake-up times, with public schools’ students being more affected. Conclusion: ASPO restrictions led to unfavorable changes in PA, ST and sleep behaviors among children attending public schools and private schools. ASPO evened out the pre-pandemic differences between public schools and private schools’ students in PA and ST behaviors.
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Este artigo é uma tradução em English do artigo:
Desigualdades en los comportamientos saludables durante el COVID-19 en niños y niñas provenientes de escuelas de gestión Pública y Privada de Buenos Aires
Referências
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21. Poder Ejecutivo Nacional. Decreto 297/2020 - Aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio. 2020; Disponible en: https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/detalleAviso/primera/227042/20200320 [2025 Febrero].
22. Hipp L, Bünning M, Munnes S, Sauermann A. Problems and pitfalls of retrospective survey questions in COVID-19 studies. Surv. Res. Methods. 2020;14(2):109-14.
23. Krüger N. Más allá del acceso: segregación social e inequidad en el sistema educativo argentino. Cuad econ 2014;33(63):513–42.
24. Ruiz GR. Marcas de la Pandemia: El Derecho a la Educación Afectado. Rev. int. educ. justicia soc. 2020;9(3):45–59.
25. Ministerio de Desarrollo Social de la República Argentina. Nota sobre la evolución de la indigencia y pobreza. 2020; Disponible en: <https://www.argentina.gob.ar/sites/default/files/2018/05/nota_sobre_la_evolucion_de_la_indigencia_y_pobreza_s2_2020.pdf> [2025 Febrero].
26. Fairclough SJ, Boddy LM, Hackett AF, Stratton G. Associations between children's socioeconomic status, weight status, and sex, with screen-based sedentary behaviours and sport participation. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2009;4(4):299-305.
27. González SA, Aubert S, Barnes JD, Larouche R, Tremblay MS. Profiles of Active Transportation among Children and Adolescents in the Global Matrix 3.0 Initiative: A 49-Country Comparison. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(16):5997.
28. Salvo D, Jáuregui A, Adlakha D, Sarmiento OL, Reis RS. When Moving Is the Only Option: The Role of Necessity Versus Choice for Understanding and Promoting Physical Activity in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Annu Rev Public Health. 2023;44:151-69.
29. Guerrero MD, Vanderloo LM, Rhodes RE, Faulkner G, Moore SA, Tremblay MS. Canadian children's and youth's adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic: A decision tree analysis. J Sport Health Sci. 2020;9(4):313-21.
30. Anderete Schwal M. Las desigualdades en la educación secundaria argentina durante la pandemia. Márgenes. 2021;2(2):42–56.
31. Kharel M, Sakamoto JL, Carandang RR, Ulambayar S, Shibanuma A, Yarotskaya E, Basargina M, Jimba M. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on movement behaviours of children and adolescents: a systematic review. BMJ Glob Health. 2022;7(1):e007190.
32. Moguillansky M, Duek C. Niñez, educación y pandemia: la experiencia de las familias en Buenos Aires (Argentina). Desidades. 2021;31:120-35.
33. Wesley KL, Cooper EH, Brinton JT, Meier M, Honaker S, et al. A National Survey of U.S. Adolescent Sleep Duration, Timing, and Social Jetlag During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Behav Sleep Med. 2023;21(3):291-303.
34. Pang JCY, Chan ELS, Lau HMC, Reeves KKL, Chung THY, Hui HWL, et al. The impacts of physical activity on psychological and behavioral problems, and changes in physical activity, sleep and quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic in preschoolers, children, and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pediatr. 2023;11:1015943.
35. de Onis M, Onyango AW, Borghi E, Siyam A, Nishida C, Siekmann J. Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bull World Health Organ. 2007;85(9):660-7
2. Chaput JP, Gray CE, Poitras VJ, Carson V, Gruber R, Olds T, et al. Systematic review of the relationships between sleep duration and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(6 Suppl 3):S266-82.
3. Tremblay MS, Colley RC, Saunders TJ, Healy GN, Owen N. Physiological and health implications of a sedentary lifestyle. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2010;35(6):725-40.
4. Tremblay MS, LeBlanc AG, Kho ME, Saunders TJ, Larouche R, Colley RC, et al. Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011;8:98.
5. Tremblay MS, Carson V, Chaput JP, Connor Gorber S, Dinh T, Duggan M, et al. Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth: An Integration of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(6 Suppl 3):S311-27.
6. Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1·6 million participants. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2020;4(1):23-35.
7. Ministerio de Salud. Encuesta Nacional de Nutrición y Salud. 2022; Disponible en: <https://iah.msal.gov.ar/doc/902.pdf> [2025 Febrero].
8. Kohl HW 3rd, Craig CL, Lambert EV, Inoue S, Alkandari JR, Leetongin G, et al. Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group. The pandemic of physical inactivity: global action for public health. Lancet. 2012 ;380(9838):294-305.
9. Andersen LB, Mota J, Di Pietro L. Update on the global pandemic of physical inactivity. Lancet. 2016;388(10051):1255-6.
10. World Health Organization. Global action plan on physical activity 2018–2030: more active people for a healthier world. 2018; Disponible en: <https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241514187> [2025 Febrero].
11. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Pandemic. 2020; Disponible en: <https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019> [2025 Febrero].
12. Hall G, Laddu DR, Phillips SA, Lavie CJ, Arena R. A tale of two pandemics: How will COVID-19 and global trends in physical inactivity and sedentary behavior affect one another? Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2021;64:108-110.
13. López-Gil JF, Tremblay MS, Brazo-Sayavera J. Changes in Healthy Behaviors and Meeting 24-h Movement Guidelines in Spanish and Brazilian Preschoolers, Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Lockdown. Children (Basel). 2021;8(2):83.
14. Moore SA, Faulkner G, Rhodes RE, Brussoni M, Chulak-Bozzer T, Ferguson LJ, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 virus outbreak on movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth: a national survey. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2020;17(1):85.
15. Saunders TJ, Gray CE, Poitras VJ, Chaput JP, Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, et al. Combinations of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep: relationships with health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(6 Suppl 3):S283-93.
16. Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Colman I, Goldfield GS, Janssen I, Wang J, Podinic I, et al. Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2020;17(1):72.
17. Duncan MJ, Riazi NA, Belita E, Amores A, Vanderloo LM, Carsley S, et al. Physical activity and recreational screen time change among adolescents in Canada: Examining the impact of COVID-19 in worsening inequity. Prev Med. 2023;175:107676.
18. Tandon PS, Zhou C, Sallis JF, Cain KL, Frank LD, Saelens BE. Home environment relationships with children's physical activity, sedentary time, and screen time by socioeconomic status. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012;9:88.
19. Sadarangani KP, De Roia GF, Lobo P, Chavez R, Meyer J, Cristi-Montero C, et al. Changes in Sitting Time, Screen Exposure and Physical Activity during COVID-19 Lockdown in South American Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(10):5239.
20. Arcidiácono M, Cruces GA, Gasparini LC, Vazquez E. La segregación escolar público-privada en América Latina. Serie Políticas Sociales de CEPAL. 2014;195:1-35. Disponible en: <https://repositorio.cepal.org/entities/publication/fa2f8db8-739b-4886-be36-37006217d639> [2025 Febrero].
21. Poder Ejecutivo Nacional. Decreto 297/2020 - Aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio. 2020; Disponible en: https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/detalleAviso/primera/227042/20200320 [2025 Febrero].
22. Hipp L, Bünning M, Munnes S, Sauermann A. Problems and pitfalls of retrospective survey questions in COVID-19 studies. Surv. Res. Methods. 2020;14(2):109-14.
23. Krüger N. Más allá del acceso: segregación social e inequidad en el sistema educativo argentino. Cuad econ 2014;33(63):513–42.
24. Ruiz GR. Marcas de la Pandemia: El Derecho a la Educación Afectado. Rev. int. educ. justicia soc. 2020;9(3):45–59.
25. Ministerio de Desarrollo Social de la República Argentina. Nota sobre la evolución de la indigencia y pobreza. 2020; Disponible en: <https://www.argentina.gob.ar/sites/default/files/2018/05/nota_sobre_la_evolucion_de_la_indigencia_y_pobreza_s2_2020.pdf> [2025 Febrero].
26. Fairclough SJ, Boddy LM, Hackett AF, Stratton G. Associations between children's socioeconomic status, weight status, and sex, with screen-based sedentary behaviours and sport participation. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2009;4(4):299-305.
27. González SA, Aubert S, Barnes JD, Larouche R, Tremblay MS. Profiles of Active Transportation among Children and Adolescents in the Global Matrix 3.0 Initiative: A 49-Country Comparison. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(16):5997.
28. Salvo D, Jáuregui A, Adlakha D, Sarmiento OL, Reis RS. When Moving Is the Only Option: The Role of Necessity Versus Choice for Understanding and Promoting Physical Activity in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Annu Rev Public Health. 2023;44:151-69.
29. Guerrero MD, Vanderloo LM, Rhodes RE, Faulkner G, Moore SA, Tremblay MS. Canadian children's and youth's adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic: A decision tree analysis. J Sport Health Sci. 2020;9(4):313-21.
30. Anderete Schwal M. Las desigualdades en la educación secundaria argentina durante la pandemia. Márgenes. 2021;2(2):42–56.
31. Kharel M, Sakamoto JL, Carandang RR, Ulambayar S, Shibanuma A, Yarotskaya E, Basargina M, Jimba M. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on movement behaviours of children and adolescents: a systematic review. BMJ Glob Health. 2022;7(1):e007190.
32. Moguillansky M, Duek C. Niñez, educación y pandemia: la experiencia de las familias en Buenos Aires (Argentina). Desidades. 2021;31:120-35.
33. Wesley KL, Cooper EH, Brinton JT, Meier M, Honaker S, et al. A National Survey of U.S. Adolescent Sleep Duration, Timing, and Social Jetlag During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Behav Sleep Med. 2023;21(3):291-303.
34. Pang JCY, Chan ELS, Lau HMC, Reeves KKL, Chung THY, Hui HWL, et al. The impacts of physical activity on psychological and behavioral problems, and changes in physical activity, sleep and quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic in preschoolers, children, and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pediatr. 2023;11:1015943.
35. de Onis M, Onyango AW, Borghi E, Siyam A, Nishida C, Siekmann J. Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bull World Health Organ. 2007;85(9):660-7
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25-06-2025
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De Roia GF, Lobo P, Holgado M, Baigún V. Inequalities in healthy behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic in children from public and private schools of Buenos Aires. Rev. Bras. Ativ. Fís. Saúde [Internet]. 25º de junho de 2025 [citado 26º de junho de 2025];30:1-16. Disponível em: https://rbafs.org.br/RBAFS/article/view/15502
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Edição Temática - Atividade Física e Saúde na América Latina e Caribe
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Copyright (c) 2025 Gabriela Fernanda De Roia, Pablo Lobo, Micaela Holgado, Valeria Baigún
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