Relação entre o espaço verde próximo a escola com a atividade física e índice de massa corporal em adolescentes portugueses
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.27e0291Palavras-chave:
Saúde, Obesidade, Parques, VegetaçãoResumo
O objetivo foi determinar a relação entre quantidade de espaços verdes (EV) e quantidade de vegetação na proximidade da escola com a atividade física (AF) e índice de massa corporal (IMC) em adolescentes. Os participantes (n = 194, com idades de 13 a 18 anos) foram recrutados em 75 escolas públicas secundárias da Área Metropolitana do Porto. Altura, peso, idade e sexo foram reportadas por questionário e a AF avaliada por acelerómetros. A quantidade de EV e de vegetação foram medidas em buffers de 300, 500, 1000 e 1500 metros ao redor da escola, através de Sistema de Informação Geográfica e índice de vegetação por diferença normalizada (IVDN), respetivamente. Regressões multinível foram realizadas individualmente com cada indicador de verde. A regressões sem ajuste demonstraram relação direta entre a AF e IVDN [B = 118,14; IC95%: 20,71; 215,57] e relação inversa entre a AF e quantidade de EV [B = -5,95; IC95%: -10,06; -1,83] a 300 metros. Modelos ajustados para a privação socioeconómica, apontaram relação direta entre a AF e IVDN [B = 130,18; IC95%: 7,30; 253,07], relação inversa entre a AF e quantidade de EV [B = -5,67; IC95%: -9,87; -1,47] a 300 metros, relação direta entre o IMC e IVDN a 500 [B = 61,68 ;IC95%: 3,07; 120,29] e a 1000 metros [B = 67,68; IC95%: 3,07; 120,29]. A presente investigação não suporta a ideia de que os EV e o IVDN próximos da escola promovem a AF e a saúde metabólica dos adolescentes, pois os resultados foram inconsistentes e dependentes do limiar de distância usado para definir proximidade geográfica.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Juliana Melo, Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Andreia Isabel Pizarro, Maria Paula Santos
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