Factors associated with perceived changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior in the Brazilian university community during the COVID-19 pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.29e0365iPalavras-chave:
Adult, Exercise, Physical inactivity, Pandemics, UniversitiesResumo
Objective: This study aimed to identify the prevalence and factors associated with perceived changes in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) during the COVID 19 pandemic within the university community. Methods: It is an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted with the academic community of higher education institutions in Brazil. A structured and validated questionnaire was utilized, and multinomial logistic regression was applied with a 95% confidence interval. Results: A total of 4,809 individuals participated (65.8% women and 74.0% students). It was observed that 44.6% (n= 2,136) perceived a reduction in PA, and 74.2% (n = 3,549) perceived an increase in SB. Women aged 40 and over and men in social isolation were less likely to be active (31.0% and 43.0%, respectively). Women with a good (OR = 3.33; 95% CI: 2.22 - 4.99) or fair health perception (OR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.30 - 3.04) and men with a good health perception (OR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.35 - 4.20) were more likely to be active. The likelihood of higher SB was lower among women with a good health perception (58.0%) or aged 30–39 (34.0%) or 40+ (50.0%), and among men with a good health perception (61.0%) or aged 30–39 (42.0%) or 40+ (54.0%). Increased SB likelihood was higher among women in isolation (OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.25 - 2.34), isolated for two or more months (OR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.10 - 1.85), or with a room per capita ratio of 1.20 (OR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.13 - 2.01); and among men in isolation (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.10 - 2.34), isolated for two or more months (OR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.02 - 1.96), and living in the Northeast (OR = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.20 - 4.57) or Southeast (OR = 2.96; 95% CI: 1.47 - 5.96) regions of Brazil. Conclusion: The pandemic led to a perceived increase in SB and a decrease in PA, especially among older women, those in isolation, and those with limited living space, as well as among men in isolation.
Downloads
Tradução
Referências
2. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Painel coronavírus. Disponível em: <https://covid.saude.gov.br/> [2024 abril]
3. Malta DC, Szwarcwald CL, Barros MBDA, Gomes CS, Machado ÍE, Souza Júnior PRBD, et al. A pandemia da COVID-19 e as mudanças no estilo de vida dos brasileiros adultos: um estudo transversal, 2020. Epidemiol Serv Saúde. 2020;29(4):e2020407.
4. Mattioli AV, Sciomer S, Cocchi C, Maffei S, Gallina S. Quarantine during COVID-19 outbreak: Changes in diet and physical activity increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Nutr, Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020;30(9):1409–17.
5. Garcia LP, Duarte E. Intervenções não farmacológicas para o enfrentamento à epidemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. Epidemiol Serv Saúde. 2020;29(2):e2020222.
6. Brasil. Lei n. 13.979, de 6 de fevereiro de 2020. Dispõe sobre as medidas para enfrentamento da emergência de saúde pública de importância internacional decorrente do coronavírus responsável pelo surto de 2019. Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil, Brasília, DF, 7 fev. 2020.
7. Khosravizadeh O, Ahadinezhad B, Maleki A, Najafpour Z, Golmohammadi R. Social distance capacity to control the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review on time series analysis. Int J Risk Saf Med. 2022;33(1):5–22.
8. Chiesa V, Antony G, Wismar M, Rechel B. COVID-19 pandemic: health impact of staying at home, social distancing and ‘lockdown’ measures – a systematic review of systematic reviews. J Public Health. 2021;43(3):e462–e481.
9. Santos APR, Souza JNVA, Silva BRVS, Costa EC, Oliveira MCDPO, Aquino JMD, et al. Impact of Covid-19 on the mental health, quality of life and level of physical activity in university students. Rev Bras Ativ Fís Saúde. 2022;27:1–10.
10. Wang X, Hegde S, Son C, Keller B, Smith A, Sasangohar F. Investigating Mental Health of US College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey Study. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22(9):e22817.
11. Dumith SC, Viero VDSF, Alexandrino EG, Silva LCB, Tassitano RM, Demenech LM. COVID-19 pandemic and physical inactivity in Brazilian university students: a multicenter study. Rev Bras Ativ Fís Saúde. 2022;27:1–9.
12. Warburton DER, Bredin SSD. Health benefits of physical activity: a systematic review of current systematic reviews. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2017;32(5):541–56.
13. Santos SFDS, Sousa TF, Fonseca SA, Alvarenga AM, Pereira KM, Silva Farias G, et al. Mudanças percebidas no estilo de vida no distanciamento social: validade preliminar do questionário. Rev Bras Ativ Fís Saúde. 2021;26:1–10.
14. Zheng C, Huang WY, Sheridan S, Sit CHP, Chen XK, Wong SHS. COVID-19 Pandemic Brings a Sedentary Lifestyle in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(17):6035.
15. Gallo LA, Gallo TF, Young SL, Moritz KM, Akison LK. The Impact of Isolation Measures Due to COVID-19 on Energy Intake and Physical Activity Levels in Australian University Students. Nutrients. 2020;12(6):1865.
16. Schuch FB, Bulzing RA, Meyer J, López-Sánchez GF, Grabovac I, Willeit P, et al. Moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior changes in self-isolating adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: a cross-sectional survey exploring correlates. Sport Sci Health. 2022;18(1):155–63.
17. Botero JP, Farah BQ, Correia MDA, Lofrano-Prado MC, Cucato GG, Shumate G, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic stay at home order and social isolation on physical activity levels and sedentary behavior in Brazilian adults. Einstein (São Paulo). 2021;19:eAE6156.
18. Tavares GH, Oliveira DP, Rodrigues LR, Mota CG, Sousa TF, Polo MCE. Inatividade física no lazer durante a pandemia da COVID-19 em universitários de Minas Gerais. Rev Bras Ativ Fís Saúde. 2020;25:1–7.
19. Cruz DKA, Silva KSD, Lopes MVV, Parreira FR, Pasquim HM. Iniquidades socioeconômicas associadas aos diferentes domínios da atividade física: resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2019. Epidemiol Serv Saúde. 2022;31:e2021398.
20. Crochemore-Silva I, Knuth AG, Wendt A, Nunes BP, Hallal PC, Santos LP, et al. Prática de atividade física em meio à pandemia da COVID-19: estudo de base populacional em cidade do sul do Brasil. Ciênc saúde coletiva. 2020;25(11):4249–58.
21. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Coordenação de Trabalho e Rendimento. PNAD contínua: outras formas de trabalho. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE. 2023; 126 p. Disponível em: <https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/index.php/biblioteca-catalogo?view=detalhes&id=2102020> [2024 maio]
22. Ferreira M, Nunes SAN, Papini CB, Sousa TF. Prevalence of negative self-rated health in university students and its relationship with the co-occurrence of risk behaviors. J Phys Educ. 2022;33(1):e3321.
23. Sousa TF, Carvalho FO, Silva ES, Mussi FC, Fonseca SCF, Silva DCG, et al. What are the characteristics that influence the sitting time in university students? Rev bras cineantropom desempenho hum. 2022;24:e84369.
24. Cheval B, Sivaramakrishnan H, Maltagliati S, Fessler L, Forestier C, Sarrazin P, et al. Relationships between changes in self-reported physical activity, sedentary behaviour and health during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in France and Switzerland. J Sports Sci. 2021;39(6):699–704.
25. Castañeda-Babarro A, Arbillaga-Etxarri A, Gutiérrez-Santamaría B, Coca A. Physical Activity Change during COVID-19 Confinement. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(18):6878.
26. Runacres A, Mackintosh KA, Knight RL, Sheeran L, Thatcher R, Shelley J, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sedentary Time and Behaviour in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(21):11286.
27. Peçanha T, Goessler KF, Roschel H, Gualano B. Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic can increase physical inactivity and the global burden of cardiovascular disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2020;318(6):1441–6.
28. Alencar GPD, Dellagrana RA, Barbosa Neto L, Carvalho AMA, Ferreira JS. Fatores associados com o nível de atividade física e comportamento sedentário de professores em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19. Retos. 2022;46:511–9.
29. Brancaccio M, Mennitti C, Gentile A, Correale L, Buzzachera CF, Ferraris C, et al. Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Job Activity, Dietary Behaviours and Physical Activity Habits of University Population of Naples, Federico II-Italy. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(4):1502.
30. Rodrigues P, Reis ECD, Bianchi L, Palma A. Fatores associados a prática de atividades físicas durante a pandemia da COVID-19 no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Rev Bras Ativ Fís Saúde. 2020;25:1–9.
31. Alexandrino EG, Silva AHBE, Silva LCD, Grasel DA, Fonseca RA, Silva SPD, et al. Atividade física de lazer e fatores sociodemográficos no Brasil: Dados do VIGITEL de 2018 a 2020. Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes. 2023;28(304):85–102.
32. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente. Vigitel Brasil 2006-2023: vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico [Internet]. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2013. Disponível em: <https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/svsa/vigitel/vigitel-2006-2023-pratica-de-atividade-fisica/view> [2024 outubro]
33. Quinlan C, Rattray B, Pryor D, Northey JM, Anstey KJ, Butterworth P, et al. The accuracy of self-reported physical activity questionnaires varies with sex and body mass index. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(8):e0256008. d
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2024 Marcos Cezar Pitombo da Silva Junior, Enaiane Cristina Menezes, Sand Araújo Tenório, Sueyla Ferreira da Silva dos Santos, Thiago Ferreira de Sousa; Luiz Rodrigo Augustemak de Lima
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Ao submeter um manuscrito à Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde, os autores mantêm a titularidade dos direitos autorais sobre o artigo, e autorizam a Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde a publicar esse manuscrito sob a Licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 e identificá-la como veículo de sua publicação original.
